Patents
Fifty-three patent families that mark out the development of resin anchoring – from the first sealed capsule placed in a borehole to systems that monitor the mix as it is pumped. Every entry checked against the EPO register.
- items
- 53
- core to resin anchoring
- 34
- years covered
- 1953–2019
The year is the priority date, not publication or grant. A family filed in several countries shares one priority date but has several grant dates — dating by publication shifts the whole list three to five years later.
The applicant is not always the brand owner. The Split Set® patents were granted to an individual, and D-bolt® belongs to a university transfer company. Where a trade name exists, it is listed separately.
- Core resin anchoring, full encapsulation, the rod–grout–rock bond
- bolts, tendons, grouting, rock bolt support design
- Background rock mechanics, classifications, excavation design
IFoundations of resin anchoring and resin capsules
- PAT-01 Core
Mine Roof Bolt Installation (1953)
US2829502APriority: 1953
One of the earliest patents describing the placement of a sealed resin capsule in a borehole, ruptured by the bolt as it is inserted. The resin still worked in conjunction with an expansion-shell bolt.
- PAT-02 Core
Method of Fixing Anchor Bolts in Drill Holes (1959)
US3108443AUSRE25869EPriority: 1959
The fundamental concept of a brittle capsule holding the resin components separately, ruptured and mixed by rotation of the rod. The direct forerunner of modern resin capsules.
- PAT-03 Core
Rock Bolting (1963)
US3324663APriority: 1963 Applicant: American Cyanamid Co
One of the most important early patents on polyester anchoring systems, cured after the resin is mixed with an initiator.
- PAT-04 Core
Resin Anchored Reinforced Brittle Structures (1969)
US3618326APriority: 1969 Applicant: American Cyanamid Co
A development of full encapsulation of the reinforcing element in the borehole and of the use of a fast-curing resin composition to reinforce rock and other brittle materials.
- PAT-05
Rock Bolt Rod Configuration (1970)
US3653217APriority: 1970 Applicant: Williams Chester I
An important patent on rod geometry that facilitates rupturing the capsule, mixing the components and transferring load through the cured resin.
- PAT-06 Core
Method for Reinforcing Loose Rock and Coal (1970)
US3698196APriority: 1970 Applicant: Bergwerksverband GmbH
A system for reinforcing loose rock and coal using a reactive mixture that forms a cured, locally foamed structure around the reinforcing element.
- PAT-07 Core
Pumpable Rockbolt Method (1972)
US3861155APriority: 1972 Applicant: US Atomic Energy Commission
One of the earlier patents moving from prepacked capsules to a pumpable bonding material delivered into the borehole.
- PAT-08 Core
Rock Bolt/Anchoring Resin Cartridge System (1974)
US3925996APriority: 1974 Applicant: Du Pont
A classic DuPont patent on a film capsule containing resin and a curing system activated by piercing the capsule and by movement of the bolt.
- PAT-09
Unitary Drill Bit and Roof Bolt (1976)
US4055051APriority: 1976 Applicant: US Department of the Interior
An early concept combining drill bit and bolt and delivering a fast-setting adhesive through a hollow tubular element – a precursor of modern self-drilling anchors with injection.
- PAT-11 Core
Detecting Resin Cure (1976)
US4103771APriority: 1976 Applicant: Rexnord Inc
A patent on a colour-change indicator that reveals the onset or progress of curing of the anchoring resin. One of the first quality-control systems visible to the operator.
- PAT-10
Cartridge for Grouting an Anchor Element in a Hole of a Support Structure (1977)
US4096944APriority: 1977 Applicant: US Department of the Interior
A significant patent on a cement capsule in which the dry hydraulic material works together with water enclosed in separate microcapsules.
- PAT-12
Resin Anchored Rock or Mine Roof Bolt Anchor Mechanism (1977)
US4132080APriority: 1977 Applicant: Stratabolt Corp
The design of a bolt anchor mechanism intended to work with resin, allowing chemical anchorage to be combined with controlled seating of the element in the borehole.
- PAT-13 Core
Fast Acting Polyester Adhesive Systems and Method of Use (1977)
US4136134APriority: 1977 Applicant: Celtite Inc
An important family covering fast-acting polyester adhesive systems, particularly relevant to short installation times and work at reduced temperature.
- PAT-14 Core
Rock Bolt Resins (1977)
US4136774APriority: 1977 Applicant: Rexnord Inc
A two-compartment polyester capsule holding resin and foaming components in one part, and hardener, water and a weak acid in the other.
- PAT-15 Core
Method for Reinforcing or Sealing Solid Structures or for Anchoring Bolts Therein and Cartridges for Use in Such Method (1977)
US4153156APriority: 1977 Applicant: Minnesota Mining & Mfg (3M)
A wide-ranging patent covering the resin system, the process of anchoring the bar and the design of the capsule ruptured as the bolt is inserted.
- PAT-16 Core
Expansion Shell Assembly and Method for Combining Resin Bonding and Mechanical Anchoring of a Bolt in a Rock Formation (1978)
US4160614APriority: 1978 Applicant: Jennmar Corp
One of the fundamental families combining resin anchorage with an expansion-shell bolt, allowing the bolt to be pre-loaded immediately.
- PAT-17 Core
Two-Ply Resin Capsule for Mining Roof Bolting Systems (1979)
US4227612APriority: 1979 Applicant: General Electric
A two-ply capsule intended to limit premature contact between the components, damage during transport and uncontrolled mixing.
- PAT-18 Core
Resin Capsule for Mining Roof Bolting Systems (1979)
US4239105APriority: 1979 Applicant: General Electric
A capsule design improving the reliability of separation between resin and catalyst and their mixing during rotation of the rod.
- PAT-19 Core
Pourable Grout Including Fast Acting Polyester Adhesive Systems and Method of Use (1979)
US4260699APriority: 1979 Applicant: Celtite Inc
A development of fast-acting polyesters towards a pourable or pumpable material suitable for filling larger voids around the bolt.
- PAT-20 Core
Organic Grouting System for Anchoring a Bolt in a Hole, and Cartridge Containing Such Composition (1979)
EP0029677A1EP0029677B1Priority: 1979 Applicant: Du Pont
An important European family covering a polyester composition with dispersed water and a high filler content, intended directly for rock bolting.
IIInstallation systems, hybrid bolts and mixing geometry
- PAT-21
Anchoring System for Rock Bolts (1979)
US4305687APriority: 1979 Applicant: Parker Jack
A system combining a purpose-made anchoring tip with a curable grout; it includes arrangements that reduce the need for conventional mixing by vigorous rotation of the whole rod.
- PAT-22 Core
Rock Reinforcement System (1980)
US4299515APriority: 1980 Applicant: The Eastern Company
A bolt anchored simultaneously by a mechanical expansion shell and by resin. The patent sets out the sequence of mixing, setting the shell and tensioning the bolt.
- PAT-23 Core
Resin Capsule and Method for Grouting Anchor Elements in Holes of Various Lengths (1980)
US4372708APriority: 1980 Applicant: General Electric
A capsule system allowing the quantity of material to be matched to boreholes of differing length, including where tubular anchoring elements are used.
- PAT-24 Core
Method for Combining Resin Bonding and Mechanical Anchoring of a Bolt in a Rock Formation (1980)
US4419805APriority: 1980 Applicant: Jennmar Corp
A development of hybrid installation in which rotation of the bolt first mixes the resin and then sets the expansion shell.
- PAT-25 Core
Combination Expansion Shell and Resin Secured Mine Roof Anchor Assembly (1982)
US4483645APriority: 1982 Applicant: Birmingham Bolt Co
A bolt assembly in which the number of revolutions needed to set the shell is coordinated with the number required to mix the resin properly.
- PAT-26 Core
Mine Roof Bolt with Resin Retention and Resin Mixing Device (1990)
US5073065APriority: 1990 Applicant: Advanced Mining Systems Inc
A design that retains the resin in the required part of the borehole and improves its mixing and distribution around the rod.
- PAT-27 Core
Resin Embedded Rock Bolt (2001)
US7037058B2US2003031525A1Priority: 2001 Applicant: Industrial Roll Formers Pty Ltd
A bolt with a formed paddle that ruptures the capsule, intensifies mixing and increases the mechanical surface interacting with the cured resin.
IIIPumpable resins, silicate–isocyanate and automation
- PAT-28 Core
Self Drilling Rock Bolt (2005)
WO2007059580A1Priority: 2005 Applicant: Gray Peter Andrew
A self-drilling tubular bolt with the two resin components delivered through lines and a static mixer. Drilling, injection and installation take place in a single cycle.
- PAT-29 Core
Resin Grouts for Anchor Systems (2008)
WO2009097261A1Priority: 2008 Applicant: Jennmar Corp
A family covering the properties, composition and use of resin grouts intended to fill the annulus between the bolt and the borehole wall.
- PAT-30 Core
Silicate Isocyanate (2008)
WO2010067126A1EP2373593B1AU2009326144A1CA2745547A1JP5860701B2KR20110106353ATWI487686BPriority: 2008 Applicant: Minova International Ltd Trade name: CarboThix™ (linia pokrewna)
An important patent on an inorganic–organic silicate–isocyanate system, activated among other things by water and intended also for capsule-based rock bolting.
- PAT-31 Core
Multi-Speed Resin Cartridge Production System (2009)
WO2011057068A1AU2010315091C1Priority: 2009 Applicant: J-Lok Co Trade name: J-Lok®
Technology for the industrial production of a capsule containing sections with different setting times, without the need to combine several separate capsules.
- PAT-52 Core
Resin System and Rock Anchor (2010)
WO2012013968A2WO2012013968A3Priority: 2010 Applicant: Minova International Ltd
A resin anchoring system developed at Minova's Australian operation. Its CPC classification covers polyurethane and isocyanate chemistry, placing it in the same development line as PAT-30 – organomineral chemistry rather than conventional polyester.
- PAT-32 Core
Resin Injection Apparatus for Drilling Apparatus for Installing a Ground Anchor (2011)
WO2012171056A1Priority: 2011 Applicant: Brown Shane
An injection arrangement that can be integrated with a bolting rig, comprising separate component pumps and control of their dosing.
- PAT-33 Core
Apparatus and Method for Anchor Bolt Grouting (2011)
US8539992B2US9376912B2US2012275867A1Priority: 2011 Applicant: DSI Underground Systems Inc
A family covering the manufacture and filling of multi-speed capsules and the limitation of intermixing between resin zones with different gel times.
- PAT-34 Core
Injection System, Method of Manufacturing and Dual Conduit Delivery Tube for Reducing Resin Intermixing During the Manufacture of Dual Set Time Resin Capsules (2016)
AU2016201180B2AU2016201180A1Priority: 2016 Applicant: Metrik Properties Pty Ltd
A dual-conduit dosing arrangement limiting unwanted migration of components between the fast and slow parts of the capsule.
- PAT-35 Core
A Resin Anchored Rock Bolt with a Piercing End (2017)
WO2018227218A2WO2018227218A3AU2018280066B2Priority: 2017 Applicant: NCM Innovations Pty Ltd
A specially shaped bolt end intended for controlled piercing of the capsule and improved mixing, without pushing the unshredded sleeve to the far end of the hole.
- PAT-37 Core
Method and System for Ensuring the Quality of a Multi-Component Mixture for Rock Reinforcement (2017)
WO2019083430A1US11454115B2Priority: 2017 Applicant: Epiroc Rock Drills AB
A modern system for monitoring the ratio, flow and quality of the multi-component mixture delivered into the bolt hole. It marks the shift from injection alone to monitored installation.
- PAT-36 Core
Resin Injection Dolly (2019)
AU2020222506B2AU2020222506A1EP3924603A1Priority: 2019 Applicant: FCI Holdings Delaware Inc Trade name: grupa Jennmar
An installation head with separate channels for resin and catalyst, allowing automatic connection of the bolt and controlled injection of both components.
IVFriction and hydraulically expanded bolts
- PAT-38
Friction Rock Stabilizers (1973)
US3922867AUSRE30256EPriority: 1973 Applicant: James J. Scott Trade name: Split Set® (Ingersoll-Rand)
The fundamental patent describing a longitudinally slotted, elastically compressed tube set in a hole of smaller diameter than the free diameter of the tube – the basis of the Split Set® technology. The solution originated in 1973 and was brought into use with Ingersoll-Rand; reissued as USRE30256 in 1980. Note: the patent was granted to an individual, not a company – Split Set® is a trade mark of an Ingersoll-Rand division.
- PAT-51
Friction Rock Stabilizers (1975)
US4012913APriority: 1975 Applicant: James J. Scott Trade name: Split Set® (Ingersoll-Rand)
Scott's second, separate friction rock stabiliser design, filed two years after the foundational patent. A distinct patent family, not a continuation or reissue of PAT-38.
- PAT-39
Friction Rock Stabilizer and Method for Inserting Thereof in an Earth Structure Bore (1979)
US4260294APriority: 1979 Applicant: Ingersoll-Rand Co Trade name: Split Set®
A development of the friction rock stabiliser design and of the technique for pressing it mechanically into the hole.
- PAT-40
Method of Rock Bolting and Tube-Formed Expansion Bolt (1979)
US4459067AEP0016742B1US4509889APriority: 1979 Applicant: Atlas Copco Trade name: Swellex® (Epiroc)
The foundational family of the technology later known as Swellex®: a closed, folded tube expanded by high fluid pressure until it contacts the borehole wall. Developed by Atlas Copco Rock Drills AB.
- PAT-41
Rock Bolt System and Method of Rock Bolting (1990)
US5335736APriority: 1990 Applicant: CSIRO
A system in which a hydraulically expanded inner element works together with an outer slotted tube, increasing the fit range and the capacity of the anchorage.
VCable, yielding and energy-absorbing bolts
- PAT-42
Yielding Rock Bolt (1987)
GB2202600APriority: 1987 Applicant: Boart
One of the most important early patents on the yielding bolt. An enlarged rod end travels within a deformable tube, providing controlled resistance at large displacement.
- PAT-43
Cable Bolt and Method of Use in Supporting a Rock Formation (1994)
US5511909APriority: 1994 Applicant: Jennmar Corp
A fundamental family covering the design of the cable bolt and its installation as a long, flexible element reinforcing the rock mass.
- PAT-44 Core
Tensionable Cable Bolt with Mixing Assembly (1997)
US5919006ACA2229367CPriority: 1997 Applicant: Jennmar Corp
A cable bolt allowing resin to be mixed at the far end of the hole, mechanical anchorage, and subsequent tensioning of the tendon.
- PAT-45
Yielding Strata Bolt (2002)
AU2003204831B2AU2003204831A1Priority: 2002 Applicant: Industrial Roll Formers Pty Ltd; Minova Australia Pty Ltd
A yielding bolt intended to work with moving rock strata, providing controlled elongation instead of sudden rupture.
- PAT-46
Yieldable Cone Bolt for Use in Small Diameter Bolt Holes and Method of Installing the Same (2005)
CA2506342A1Priority: 2005 Applicant: Mansour Milad
A development of the cone bolt for small-diameter holes. The cone travels through the bonding material or a sleeve, dissipating energy as the rock mass deforms.
- PAT-47
A Deformable Rock Bolt (2006)
WO2008079021A1Priority: 2006 Applicant: NTNU Technology Transfer AS Trade name: D-bolt® (Normet)
The foundational D-bolt patent. The rod is anchored at several points, and the free sections between them can elongate plastically and absorb energy.
- PAT-48
Energy Absorbing Rock Bolt Accessory, Rock Bolt Assembly, and Method of Installing a Rock Bolt (2007)
WO2008134798A1Priority: 2007 Applicant: CMTE Development Ltd
An energy-absorbing component that can be attached to a bolt, limiting impact loads and permitting controlled displacement of the system.
- PAT-50
Rock Bolt (2007)
US8851802B2US2010202838A1Priority: 2007 Applicant: Sandvik Intellectual Property
A modern hollow self-drilling anchor with an external thread profile, allowing drilling and the subsequent injection of bonding material through the internal channel.
- PAT-49
Sleeved Cable Bolt (2008)
EP2379843B1EP2379843A1US8602690B2Priority: 2008 Applicant: Hani Sabri Mitri
A cable bolt fitted with a sleeve that separates a chosen length of cable from the grout. It allows the bond length and the extensible section to be shaped.
- PAT-53
Device and Method for Anchoring a Cable Bolt (2011)
AU2011202317B2AU2011202317A1Priority: 2011 Applicant: Minova International Ltd
A device and method for anchoring a cable bolt. It rounds out the picture of Minova's portfolio with the cable bolt segment, previously absent from the list on this manufacturer's side.
Links point to publishers, DOI records and open repositories only. We do not link to file-sharing copies, including of publications by companies we work with.